The city of Saida is located on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea in southern Lebanon in the middle of a narrow plain that lies between the mouths of the Awali River in the north and the Siniq River in the south called Saida Plain. It is about 45 km south of Beirut and 40 km north of Tyre.
The famous Canaanite Sidon, for the Canaanite city penetrated more towards the east (and the evidence for this is that most of the discovered Canaanite antiquities were found in the areas of Al-Qiya’a and Al-Hilaliah, and more recently in the hill of Sharhabil bin Hasna), and while ancient Sidon was confined within its walls until the middle of the nineteenth century, it took Expanding in the north and east at the expense of the orchards that cover its plain, which have shrunk continuously in the last hundred years, and the plain of Sidon is famous for the cultivation of citrus and bananas. The area of the modern city is 779 hectares or 7.79 square kilometers, and it is ten meters above sea level on average, and its geographical code is 61100.
To the east of Saida lies the Great Rift Valley (or the Syrian-African Rift Crater, or the Great Syrian-African Rift) the longest fault on the land's land. It is separated from the Lebanese coast by the West Lebanon Mountains and Jabal Amel. Sidon - Throughout history, as the earthquake of 1956, due to the northward shift of the Arab and African continental plates to varying amounts, causing tectonic stresses in the earth's crust. To the northwest of Saida lies a small island on which the naval fortress is built and connected to the land by a bridge based on nine arches, and to its northwest is a larger island called “Saida Island,” which is elongated from southeast to northwest, and to the south of it is a lighthouse to guide ships, and in ancient history it had berths. docking.
And north of Saida, about 4 km lies the mouth of the Awali River, which is a modern designation since the sixteenth century, but the Muslims knew it by the name of the Al-Faradis River due to the large number of orchards that surround it. Tell Al-Baramiya from the north and to its south-east Al-Hilaliya, Mar Elias hill south of Al-Hilaliyah and then Maghdusheh to the south of it. In the south of the city, the mounds of murex shells abound from the process of preparing the purple dye that Saida has known since ancient times.
